Slavery in the United States
The Smithsonian article starts off with a statement about slavery and the slave trade. The context seems to imply that slaves were a singular existence in the Americas. I think it is a glaring flaw to not qualify the statements about American slavery with the fact that slavery was common throughout the world at the time and was often perpetrated by Black Slavers or warring tribal factions selling off captured rivals. Slavery was perpetrated by individuals of every color. It was not solely a "white" or "American" practice. Asians, Arabs, Pacific Islanders, all have vast histories that involve slavery. A conversation about slavery must acknowledge this fact as well as the fact that slavery was ended a little over a hundred years after the founding of the nation.... an achievement I believe no other country in the world can claim.
A Note about Native Americans:
The Native American is also thrown in as a group of oppressed peoples. And yes, there have been some horrible injustices done to the American Natives. But there are several major flaws with how things are presented and it follows this same historical logic. For example: The concept of ownership was quite foreign to Natives when it came to land.... that was a European idea. So when settlers came and purchased the Island of Manhattan from Native peoples, they didn't understand the agreement, and that led to conflict when later they wanted to move back. The island was purchased for a fortune at the time... were there flaws? Sure. Could it have been done better? Probably. But it wasn't "Stolen" as we are led to believe.... It's similar with a lot of other "stolen" land.
Then there is the naive idea that Native life went pretty much like it's portrayed in Disney's Pocahontas before the white man showed up with all his evil. The truth is that native tribes, especially up and down the East Coast, where at each others throats constantly. They would raid, pillage, kill, and enslave other populations. And then it would happen in the reverse. They were brutal to each other and some of the practices involving defeated tribes was, at best, horrific. There were atrocities committed, but it wasn't as one sided as some people claim. These records are taken directly from journals of European observers who have no reason to mislead.
Christopher Columbus was not a genocidal maniac, nor does the Thanksgiving holiday glorify the conflicts with Native Americans. When the Thanksgiving holiday was originally announced, it was specifically created to glorify a time in our history where two different peoples communed together in peace and thanksgiving for the bounty they had received. It was about that singular moment in time after which there was a period of relative peace for about a hundred years. The same logic would have us not celebrate Christmas (A singular point in time) because of all the violence perpetrated by Christians in years since.
End Note
The Civil War was totally about the preservation of slavery. The slave labor industry was an important factor but it was not the reason that the Southern States attempted to leave the Union. Saying so is a common but mistaken interpretation of the very surface facts of the time and a biased, partial analysis of the history. Lincoln himself stated that he would allow slavery if it could have preserved the Union. The totality of the cause is still debated by scholars and the singular point will probably never be known. The first shots fired in the war were over Federal troops taking possession of federal land inside a seceded state (The Battle of Fort Sumter). If only a small percentage owned the vast majority of slaves, then the majority of the Southern population would have no vested interest in maintaining slavery. Slavery was an issue for sure. The North won and slavery was abolished and the idea that the former Confederate states are still bastions of ingrained racial prejudice after 150 years is preposterous. People showcase the people who fought viciously to preserve slavery while ignoring the people who fought viciously (and won) to end slavery.
There is no doubt that the past of 200 years was brutal. Inequality, injustice, brutality, were common. But it was hardly a singularly American institution. We have never been the sole proprietors of such things. These practices and occurrences happened all around the globe, as a world tried to move into the industrial age and out of the feudal servitude that had reigned supreme for a thousands of years prior. To say "Look at this horrible thing that happened! You should be ashamed." But fail to mention that the same things were happening everywhere is a malpractice of argument and sets up the basis for a straw-man that cannot be used to justify a valid conclusion. This is not a justification of the history, but an affirmation that what happened was not unique to the white man. Should we decry racism in one place and ignore it everywhere else? That kind of cherry-picking of facts serves a political narrative better than a historical one.
The past may affect our present and future but it does not define it. If racism is so ingrained in our culture by our history, why is it that people of African heritage are not (and in many cases claim, cannot) be racist when Africans played a critical role in the enslavement of their fellow Africans? Why is this a "black" issue when there was severe discrimination against Chinese immigrants? Asian heritage is now a roadblock to higher education (if you are Asian, you must score better on placement tests than a white person to get into most colleges). Why isn't that racism? What about the historic discrimination against the Irish? It was common to elicit services such as boarding houses where Irish were openly barred and not welcome. The same with job postings saying "Irish need not apply". How can historic injustice be used as evidence of contemporary racism but somehow similar histories do not lend such disparities to other groups?
Slavery was bad. It took us 110 years to get rid of it (with the critical support of quite a few "old white men"). Now 150 years later we have had a black President, Attorney General, Secretary of State, Supreme Court Judge, Ambassador to the United Nations, and National Security Advisor to name a few. There is a record high number of black representatives in Congress. African Americans have a prominent place in the achievements of our country as Scientists, Entertainers, Athletes, and Religious Leaders. These facts presented in a vacuum and outside the context of the United States would be lauded as a great leap forward. Why is it that just because it has happened here that it is still presented on a stain upon our great country?
Here is a short video of a speech made to the Oxford Union on the subject.
https://youtu.be/pv7hsiUirUU
The whole series is fascinating if you have the desire to see the other (4 I think) speakers for and against the proposition.
For a more in depth look: Here is a video that is sections of a book that details some of the history of slavery worldwide. It is a little long but it is worth the listen even when it is kind of hard to listen to because there is no sugar coating of the realities of slavery. It also mentioned the details of the situations like George Washington who was opposed to slavery but was forced to keep slaves because of the legalities of the time.
https://youtu.be/GabXJ0EH9pU